Periodontics is the dental specialty that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the supporting structures of the teeth — mainly the gums, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. These tissues together are known as the periodontium. A dentist specializing in this field is called…

Oral surgery is a specialized branch of dentistry that focuses on the surgical diagnosis and treatment of diseases, injuries, and defects involving the mouth, jaws, face, and related structures. It bridges dentistry and medicine, and in many countries the specialty is formally called Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS).…

Endodontics Focus: Concerned with the dental pulp (nerve and blood supply inside the tooth) and periapical tissues (area around the root tip). Main procedure: Root canal treatment (removing infected or necrotic pulp, cleaning and shaping canals, then sealing them). Goal: Save a tooth that would otherwise require extraction…

What Are Ceramic Braces? Ceramic braces are similar in design to traditional metal braces but are made of clear or tooth-colored ceramic brackets that blend with your natural teeth. This makes them much less noticeable while still being highly effective at correcting alignment and bite issues. They also…

What Are Lingual Braces? Lingual braces are a type of orthodontic treatment where the brackets and wires are placed on the inner (lingual) side of the teeth, facing the tongue. This makes them completely invisible from the outside, unlike metal or ceramic braces that are bonded to the…

What Are Metal Braces? Metal braces are the most traditional and widely used orthodontic treatment for correcting misaligned teeth and bite issues. They are made from high-grade stainless steel and consist of three main parts: Brackets: Small square-shaped pieces bonded to the teeth. Archwire: A metal wire that…

What Are Self-Ligating Braces? Self-ligating braces are an advanced type of braces that look similar to traditional metal or ceramic braces, but with a key difference: Instead of using elastic or metal ties (ligatures) to hold the archwire in place, they use a special clip or sliding mechanism…

What Are Clear Aligners (Invisalign)? Clear aligners—with Invisalign being the most popular brand—are a modern orthodontic treatment that uses transparent, removable plastic trays to gradually shift teeth into alignment. Unlike braces, they don’t use brackets or wires. Each patient receives a series of custom-made aligners, which are replaced…