Periodontics is the dental specialty that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the supporting structures of the teeth — mainly the gums, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. These tissues together are known as the periodontium.

A dentist specializing in this field is called a Periodontist.

🔹 Scope of Periodontics

1. Gum Disease Management

   • Gingivitis (inflammation of gums).

   • Periodontitis (destructive gum disease leading to bone loss).

   • Maintenance therapy after treatment.

2. Surgical Procedures

   • Flap surgery (to clean deep pockets).

   • Regenerative procedures (bone grafts, guided tissue regeneration).

   • Crown lengthening (reshaping gum and bone to expose more tooth).

3. Dental Implants

   • Placement of implants into the jawbone.

   • Bone grafts or sinus lifts when bone is insufficient.

4. Cosmetic Gum Treatments

   • Treating a “gummy smile” by reshaping gum lines.

   • Root coverage procedures for gum recession.

5. Systemic Links

   • Periodontists also consider the relationship between gum disease and systemic health (e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular disease).

🔹 Why Periodontics is Important

• Healthy gums = foundation for healthy teeth.

• Gum disease is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults.

• Early detection and treatment can save both natural teeth and dental implants.

🔹 Difference from Other Specialties

• Endodontics: treats the inside of the tooth (pulp/nerve).

• Restorative Dentistry: restores damaged tooth structure (fillings, crowns).

• Prosthodontics: replaces missing teeth (dentures, bridges, implants).

• Periodontics: maintains and treats the supporting tissues (gums and bone) that hold teeth/implants in place.